Ngokuvamile, izitini ze-aluminium eziphakeme akufanele zisetshenziswe esithandweni somoya esine-alkaline. Ngenxa yokuthi indawo ene-alkaline kanye ne-acidic nayo ine-chlorine, izongena ezingqimbeni ezijulile zezitini ze-alumina eziphakeme ngendlela ye-gradient, okuzobangela ukuthi izitini eziphikisayo zidilike.
Isitini se-aluminium esiphezulu ngemva kokuguguleka komoya we-alkaline siwukuqhekeka okuvundlile. Ukuguguleka kwakhiwe yi-fuel grey, amagesi avuthayo, kanye nezingxenye ze-alkaline kweminye imikhiqizo. Lezi zingxenye zisabela nesigaba sengilazi kanye netshe le-mullite esitini se-aluminium esiphezulu.
Izitini ze-aluminium ephezulu ezigqwalile zizovela ebusweni. Amakhemikhali egesi avuthayo azophinde akhiqize i-lure nitrate, ukuchitheka kwenhlabathi esikhaleni sezitini ze-aluminium ephezulu; ukusabela kwamaqhwa akhiqizwe kuzokwakha isigaba esisha esiyinkimbinkimbi. Lapho ama-nitrile angenamanzi angenawo amanzi ethintana ne-vagram ekhiqiziwe, kuzokwenzeka ukusabela kokungahwamuki komhwamuko, okubangela ukuthi izitini ze-aluminium ephezulu ziqhekeke noma ziwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukugqwala kokushisa nakho kubi kakhulu ekugqwaleni kwezitini okungaphili. Ngenxa yokuguguleka kwe-Fang quartz, i-Skywine, ne-quartz crystal silica. Ukusetshenziswa kwamathayela omlilo kuzoba kubi kakhulu kunama-noodle abandayo.
Umonakalo wezitini ze-silicon dioxide nawo mubi kakhulu. I-silica iyancibilika esigabeni se-aluminium brick-liquid esinoketshezi oluningi. Amatshe e-silicon ancibilikayo kanye ne-silicon point-melting point ancibilika kancane akha inani elikhulu lesigaba se-liquid. Uma okuqukethwe kwe-silica kuphakeme esitini, kulapho inani lesigaba se-liquid likhula khona. Izigaba ze-liquid ezidlulele zizoshintsha izitini ze-aluminium eziphezulu. I-silicon silicon nayo yonakaliswa ezitini. Ngenxa yokuthi i-silica yamahhala iyadliwa, isigaba se-Mo Lai Shi sizoguguleka. Ngemuva kokusabela kwe-lickle nitrate kanye netshe le-mullite kungabangela ukwanda okubhubhisayo kwesitini se-aluminium esiphezulu.
Izitini ze-aluminium eziphakeme zimelana kahle nokushisa okuphezulu nokuguguleka. Zisetshenziswa kabanzi ekwakhiweni kwezitofu zezimboni ezahlukahlukene, njengezitofu zokuqhuma, izitofu zomoya oshisayo, kanye nezitofu ezijikelezayo. Kodwa-ke, esithandweni sezimboni esinomoya we-alkaline, ukusetshenziswa kwezitini ze-alumina eziphakeme kunqunyelwe.
Izakhiwo zamakhemikhali zezitini ze-alumina eziphakeme zizenza zimelane nemiphumela yezindawo ezine-asidi. Kodwa-ke, endaweni ene-alkaline ephezulu, njengezitofu zesimende noma izitofu zeglasi, izitini ze-aluminium eziphezulu zizosabela kuma-alkaline metal oxides, okubangela ukuthi izitini ziqhekeke futhi ziqhekeke. Ukusabela phakathi kwezitini ze-Al2O3 nama-alkaline metal oxides kuvame ukuphumela ekwakhekeni kwejeli ye-alkaline aluminosilicate, enephuzu eliphansi lokuncibilika futhi engageleza kalula phakathi kwemifantu.
Ukuze kuxazululwe le nkinga, kusetshenziswe amasu amaningana ukuthuthukisa ukumelana kwezitini ze-aluminium eziphakeme ezindaweni ezine-alkaline. Esinye isixazululo ukufaka i-magnesia noma i-spinel ezitini ze-alumina eziphakeme. I-magnesia noma i-spinel izosabela nama-oxide ensimbi e-alkali ukuze yakhe izigaba ze-spinel ezizinzile, ezingathuthukisa ukumelana kwezitini ze-Al2O3 ekuqhekekeni okubangelwa ukusabela kwe-alkali. Esinye isixazululo ukufaka isembozo esivikelayo ebusweni bezitini ze-alumina eziphakeme ukuvimbela ukuthintana ngqo nendawo ene-alkaline.
Ngamafuphi, izitini ze-aluminium eziphakeme zinokusetshenziswa okulinganiselwe emkhathini we-alkaline furnace yezimboni. Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukumelana kwezitini ze-Al2O3 ezindaweni ze-alkaline, kuyadingeka ukwengeza amaminerali noma izembozo ezithile ukuze kugwenywe ukusabela okulimazayo ngama-alkaline metal oxides. Kubalulekile ukukhetha izinto ezifanele ze-furnace yezimboni ukuze kuncishiswe izingozi ezingaba khona futhi kongiwe izindleko.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Meyi-19-2023
