Ezweni lezimboni ezishisa kakhulu, ukuthola izinto ezithembekile ezingamelana nokushisa okukhulu, ukugqwala, kanye nokuguguleka kubalulekile. Yilapho-keisisindo sokuhamba(eyaziwa nangokuthi i-ramming mix) iyangena. Le nto engaguquki, eyenziwe ngama-aggregates asezingeni eliphezulu, ama-powders, kanye nama-binder, isibe yingxenye ebalulekile yezinqubo eziningi zezimboni. Ake sihlole ukusetshenziswa kwayo okuyinhloko nokuthi kungani kuyisinqumo esihle kakhulu samabhizinisi emhlabeni jikelele.
1. I-Metallurgy: Umgogodla Wokukhiqizwa Kwensimbi Nensimbi
Imboni yensimbi ithembele kakhulu ekuqineni kwe-ramming ukuze igcine imisebenzi isebenza kahle. Enye yezindlela eziyinhloko ezisetshenziswa ngayo kusezindongeni ze-furnace kagesi. Izitini ze-magnesium zendabuko zazivame kakhulu, kodwa i-ramming mass esekelwe ku-magnesium isithathile. Ingafakwa ngokuqinile odongeni lwangaphakathi lwe-furnace, yakha ungqimba olungenamthungo noluqinile. Lolu ngqimba lumelana nokushisa okukhulu (kufika ku-1,800°C) kanye nokugqwala kwensimbi encibilikisiwe.
Isisindo sokusika sisebenza futhi "njengomqaphi" othembekile wemigqomo yensimbi (iziteshi ezithwala insimbi encibilikisiwe). Insimbi encibilikisiwe iyakhahla kakhulu futhi iyagqwala, kodwa isisindo sokusika insimbi, esinokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-alumina, siqinile. Sivimbela ukuvuza nokuqhekeka, siqinisekise ukuthi insimbi igeleza njalo. Ngaphandle kwayo, ukulungiswa njalo kwemigqomo kungamisa ukukhiqizwa futhi kwandise izindleko.
2. Imboni Yamakhemikhali: Ukuqinisekisa Ukuqina Ekusabeleni Okukhulu
Embonini yamakhemikhali, lapho izitofu zisetshenziselwa khona izinqubo ezifana nokuhlanganiswa kwamakhemikhali kanye nokushisa kwezinto, isisindo se-ramming singumlingani othembekile. Siyinto ebalulekile ekwakhiweni kwesitofu. Lapho kwakhiwa izitofu zamakhemikhali, isisindo se-ramming sisetshenziselwa ukuhlanganisa ingaphakathi. Isici sayo esihle kakhulu sokuvikela ukushisa sigcina izinga lokushisa langaphakathi lesitofu lizinzile, kuyilapho ukumelana kwaso nokuguguleka kwamakhemikhali kuvikela isakhiwo sesitofu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, isisindo sokusika insimbi siyindlela enhle yokulungisa izitsha zokushisisa kanye nezitsha zokushisisa. Izitsha zokushisisa (ezisetshenziselwa ukuncibilikisa izinsimbi) kanye nezitsha zokushisisa (ezisetshenziselwa ukuthutha izinto ezincibilikisiwe) zivame ukuba nemifantu ngemva kokusetshenziswa okuphindaphindiwe. Esikhundleni sokuzishintsha (okubiza kakhulu), isisindo sokusika insimbi singasetshenziswa ukugcwalisa imifantu. Ucwaningo lukhombisile ukuthi ukulungisa isitsha sensimbi esinesisindo sokusika insimbi kunciphisa izindleko zokufaka esikhundleni ngo-70% futhi kwandisa impilo yesitsha ngo-40%.
3. Eminye Imikhakha Yezimboni: I-Enversal All-Rounder
Isisindo sokusika asigcini nje nge-metallurgical kanye namakhemikhali—siyakhanya nakwezinye izindawo. Kuma-oven engilazi, sisetshenziselwa ukuhlanganisa izindawo ezithinta ingilazi encibilikisiwe. Ingilazi encibilikisiwe ishisa kakhulu futhi iyagqwala, kodwa isisindo sokusika ingilazi (enokuqukethwe okuphansi kwe-silica) siyamelana nokuguguleka, okuqinisekisa ukuthi ikhwalithi yengilazi ihlala ifana.
Ekuncibilikiseni insimbi okungeyona insimbi (njengokukhiqizwa kwe-aluminium nethusi), isisindo sokuncibilikisa sithuthukisa ukusebenza kwesithando. Sigcina izithando zokuncibilikisa, simelana nokushisa okuphezulu nokuhlaselwa kwensimbi encibilikisiwe. Kumshini wokuncibilikisa i-aluminium e-Australia, ukushintshela kusisindo sokuncibilikisa kwandisa ukusebenza kwesithando ngo-20%, njengoba ukushisa okuncane kuphuma ngaphakathi.
4. Kungani Kufanele Ukhethe I-Ramming Mass Esezingeni Eliphezulu?
Ukuze uthole imiphumela emihle kakhulu, ukukhetha isisindo se-ramming sekhwalithi kubalulekile. Funa imikhiqizo eyenziwe ngezinto zokusetshenziswa zekhwalithi ephezulu (njenge-alumina ehlanzekile kakhulu noma i-magnesium oxide), izinqubo zokukhiqiza eziqinile (ukuqinisekisa ukufana), kanye nemikhiqizo ethembekile enensizakalo enhle yangemva kokuthengisa. Umhlinzeki onokwethenjelwa uzophinde anikeze izixazululo ezenziwe ngokwezifiso ngokusekelwe ezidingweni ezithile zomkhakha wakho.
Isiphetho
Isisindo sokusika izinsimbi kungenzeka singeyona into eyaziwayo kakhulu, kodwa sishintsha kakhulu izimboni ezishisa kakhulu. Kusukela ekusetshenzisweni kwensimbi kuya kumakhemikhali, kanye nengilazi kuya ezinsimbini ezingezona insimbi, kuqinisekisa ukuqina, kunciphisa izindleko, futhi kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle. Njengoba izimboni zithuthuka, isisindo sokusika izinsimbi sizoqhubeka nokuzivumelanisa nezimo—okwenza kube utshalomali lwesikhathi eside kunoma yiliphi ibhizinisi. Ukulungele ukuthuthukisa izinqubo zakho zezimboni? Khetha isisindo sokusika izinsimbi esisezingeni eliphezulu namuhla!
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Novemba-07-2025
